TLR4

We hypothesized that blood transfusion could induce platelet-mediated innate immune reactions caused by the interaction between TLR4 and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). To test this hypothesis, we assessed the levels of TLR4, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein, and certain DAMPs including high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), S100 calcium-binding protein A8 (S100A8, MRP8, and calgranulin A), S100 calcium-binding protein A9 (S100A9, MRP14, and calgranulin B), and serum amyloid A (SAA) in a simulated cross-reaction ex vivo. Furthermore, pro-inflammatory cytokines downstream of TLR4 signaling, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, were evaluated. The excel sheet include demographic variables of the four groups (control, M, S, and I). The sheet named Fig 3 was the raw data of Effect of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression after 0.9% saline was mixed with washed platelets . The sheet named Fig 4 was the raw data of effect of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression on matched blood type mixing (Group M), uncross-matched ABO type-specific mixing (Group S), and ABO incompatible blood mixing (Group I) after mixing donor red blood cells and washed platelets.The sheet named Fig 5 was the raw data of Effect of DAMPs (HMGB1, S100A8, S100A9, and SAA) in the plasma prepared from mixing donor red blood cells and recipient whole blood on total blood mixing, matched blood type mixing (Group M), uncross-matched ABO type-specific mixing (Group S), and ABO incompatible blood mixing (Group I). The sheet named Fig 6 was the raw data of Effect of LPS-binding protein and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the plasma, prepared from mixing donor red blood cells and recipient whole blood, on matched blood type mixing (Group M), uncross-matched ABO type-specific mixing (Group S), and ABO incompatible blood mixing (Group I)