Characterizing natural organic matter in drinking water treatment process and trains; Dissertation, UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Delft.

Natural organic matter (NOM) generally significantly influences water treatment processes such as coagulation, oxidation, adsorption, and membrane filtration. In addition to aesthetic problems such as colour, taste and odour, NOM also contributes to the fouling of filtration membranes, serves as a precursor for disinfection by-products (DBPs) of health concern during disinfection/oxidation processes, increases the exhaustion and usage rate of activated carbon and may promote microbial growth in water distribution networks. The efficiency of drinking water treatment is affected by both the amount and composition of NOM. Proper NOM characterization enables the targeting of the problematic NOM fractions for removal and transformation. However, the characterization methods used are often laborious, time consuming and may involve extensive sample pre-treatment. High performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) and fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (F-EEM) spectroscopy can be used to characterize NOM relatively quickly and with minimal sample preparation. This research uses these and other tools to improve our understanding of NOM character and its behaviour during drinking water treatment. It demonstrates the potential of using multiple NOM characterization tools for the selection, operation and monitoring of water treatment processes, and the assessment of the water quality in a water distribution system