Proxeny played a major part in establishing, maintaining or strengthening trust and therefore diplomatic relations between Greek states. This paper focuses on its role in diplomatic relations between Greek cities and the Persian Empire, since Greek-Persian diplomatic relations had nearly the same forms as those used inside the Greek world. It successively considers whether there were proxenoi of the Persians in the cities, whether cities had proxenoi at the Persian court, and whether proxenoi belonging to a third party could promote relations between a city and the Persian court. It concludes that it was the Greeks who adapted themselves to intercultural relations, inasmuch as they sometimes adapted the meaning of their practice. All in all...