Leasing as a financing model : Postgraduate final paper

Gospodarski razvoj tijekom proteklih desetljeća dovodi do potrebe za različitim oblicima financiranja. Poduzeća su tražila prihvatljiva financijska rješenja kojima su osiguravala potrebnu opremu za poslovanje. Do pojave leasinga kao oblika financiranja, nabavljanje potrebne opreme podrazumijevalo je pozajmljivanje novčanih sredstava kojima bi se oprema kupila. Suvremeno tržišno okruženje dovelo je do stvaranja novih oblika financiranja. Leasing kao specifični ugovorni odnos, omogućava korisniku leasinga korištenje određenog dobra (robe, alata, strojeva i sl.) koji se i dalje nalazi u vlasništva davatelja leasinga, u zamjenu za ugovorena periodična plaćanja. Takav novi oblik financiranja odgovarao je poduzećima, te je kasnijim razvojem, leasing kao oblik dugoročnog financiranja, postao dostupan i fizičkim osobama. Završni rad obrađuje temu leasinga sa dva aspekta – teorijskog i istraživačkog. Teorijski aspekt leasinga kao oblika dugoročnog financiranja daje uvid u pregled stručne literature, definira pojam i vrste leasinga, te prikazuje pravne aspekte leasinga. Istraživački aspekt rada analizira tržište i razvoj leasinga u Republici Hrvatskoj. Uz analizu tržišta te prikaz odabranog leasing društva, prikazano je i empirijsko istraživanje. Provedeno istraživanje (uzorak od sto osam ispitanika) ukazalo je na prepoznatljivost leasinga kao oblika dugoročnog financiranja. Istraživanje je pokazalo da ispitanici razlikuju leasing društva, te temeljem uvjeta poslovanja donose odluku o suradnji. Zakonska regulativa koja nadzire poslovanje leasing društava je, prema rezultatima istraživanja, učinkovita zbog čega ispitanici imaju povjerenja u zakonsku regulativu. Razumijevanje pojmova operativnog i financijskog leasinga, upućenost u zakonsku regulativu, poznavanje svojih potrošačkih prava i obveza prilikom potpisivanja ugovora o leasingu, transparentnost troškova, te ocjenjivanje vlastitog iskustva i zadovoljstva predmet su anketnih pitanja. Rezultati su pokazali kako leasing kao oblik dugoročnog financiranja ima razvojnu perspektivu na tržištu Republike Hrvatske.The economic development in the last decades has led to the need for various forms of financing. The enterprises have been seeking for acceptable financial solutions, which provided for the equipment necessary for business. Before the emergence of leasing as a form of financing, procuring the necessary equipment meant borrowing financial assets for purchasing it. The contemporary business environment has led to creation of new forms of financing. Leasing as a specific contractual relationship makes it possible for the lessee to use certain goods (commodities, tools, machines etc.) that are still owned by the lesser, in exchange for contractual recurring payments. Such new form of financing was suitable for enterprises, and with its future development, leasing as a form of financing became available for natural persons as well. This final paper deals with the topic of leasing from two points of view – theoretic and research. The theoretic aspect of leasing as a form of financing gives insight into the literature review, defines the term and types of leasing and shows legal aspects of leasing. The research aspect analyses the market and the development of leasing in the Republic of Croatia. Together with the market analysis and the presentation of the selected leasing company, the empirical research was shown. The research conducted (on the sample of 108 respondents) has shown that leasing was recognized as a form of financing. The research also has also shown that the respondents can differentiate between the various leasing companies and they make the decision which company they will cooperate with on the basis of their Terms and Conditions. The legislation that supervises the business operation of the leasing companies is, according to the research results, efficient, and that is why the respondents have confidence in the legislation. Understanding of the terms operational and financial leasing, background knowledge of the legislation, knowing their consumer rights and obligations when signing the leasing contract, transparency of costs and assessment of respondents' experience and satisfaction were the survey topics. The results have shown that leasing as a form of financing has prospects for development in the market of the Republic of Croatia