Chemical and physical changes in an Argisol under agrosilvopastoral system in Votuporanga, São Paulo State, Brazil

Conservation management systems that have intended to prevent wear or soil degradation have been widespread in agriculture. The study was conducted in Site São Luiz at Simonsen district, Votuporanga, São Paulo State, in order to evaluate the chemical and physical changes in an area with agrosilvopastoral system and deployed with three soil management (treatments): Full (conventional tillage, liming and application of gypsum, phosphate and potassium); intermediate (no tillage, liming and application of gypsum at surface) and basic (no tillage and surface liming). The soil was managed in July 2009 and the planting of eucalyptus was realized in January 2010, on the terraces. Between the terraces it was cropped maize intercropped with Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu. In April 2014 it was held the disturbed and undisturbed soil sampling soil at depths of 0-0.05 and 0.05-0.20 m, collecting three sub samples per plot. A randomized complete block experimental design was used with three replications, with plots of approximately 1.0 ha. It was concluded that in the layer of 0-0.05m, the intermediate management provided increase in the levels of organic matter, Ca, P and K and the basic management provided lower levels of Ca and lower pH and basis saturation values and higher potential acidity; the complete and intermediate managements provided raising the pH in the two layers evaluated; the use of liming associated with gypsum application improves the chemical characteristics of Argisols under agrosilvopastoral systems; in the layer of 0.05-0.20 m the basic management provided lower bulk density and the complete management the largest; the different managements did not differ with respect to porosity and aggregate stability