Six Steps to Creating Theoretical Frameworks

Language defining theoretical frameworks varies and is flexible, a strength of qualitative research. However, this language can prove difficult to use for novice researchers. This presentation outlines an avenue to address barriers surrounding theoretical frameworks. A six-step process is outlined to follow when considering creating theoretical frameworks. Step one is a funneling method applied to the topic of interest. This seeks to answer research process questions, resulting in the formulation of research question(s). Step two considers which approach best answers the research question(s). If qualitative approaches are selected, key questions surrounding ontology and epistemology must be addressed. Answering these questions guides the researcher toward a paradigmatic home. Step three is constructing a conceptual framework. Conceptual and theoretical frameworks are often used interchangeably. This process situates conceptual frameworks as distinct from theoretical frameworks. If the researcher does not find a set of heuristics that function as the theoretical framework for the study then the next steps are necessary. The fourth step considers Grounded Theory as the gold standard for theory creation in qualitative research. Moving forward with the creation of a theoretical framework is recommended if doubts about using Grounded Theory remain. The fifth step applies all information gathered through following the preceding steps. It involves asking questions, demanding answers justifying trustworthiness of the theory. The sixth step is verifying theory through use by others. This process allows those not familiar or struggling with doing qualitative research a guide, helping direct their energy and attention