Traumatic stress in voluntary firefighters of the Fire association Maribor

Zaključno delo govori o travmatskem stresu pri prostovoljnih gasilcih Gasilske zveze Maribor. V delu lahko preberemo, kaj je travmatski stres, njegove dejavnike in kakšni so simptomi, reakcije ter posledice travmatskega stresa. Dotaknili smo se tudi teme travmatskega stresa v gasilstvu, kjer smo predstavili slovenske in mednarodne raziskave na področju stresa in gasilskega dela. Predstavljeni so obrambni mehanizmi in odpornost na stres ter načini, kako se spoprijemati in obvladovati stres. V zaključnem delu je poudarjeno poglavje psihološka pomoč prostovoljnim gasilcem, kjer predstavljamo, kako je organizirana pomoč na večih ravneh, kako poteka aktiviranje enote psihološke pomoči in kako deluje enota psihološke pomoči. Za raziskavo, katere smo se lotili, je pomembna tudi statistika intervencij. Naredili smo statistiko števila in vrst intervencij od leta 2009 do leta 2019. V zaključku dela smo predstavili empirično raziskavo med prostovoljnimi gasilci gasilske zveze Maribor in odgovorili na več raziskovalnih vprašanj. Ugotovili smo, da težko govorimo, da prav vsak prostovoljni gasilec v svojem operativnem obdobju doživi travmatski dogodek, hi-kvadrat test pa je pokazal, da statistično značilne povezanosti med številom intervencij in pogostosti srečanja z dogodki, ki vključujejo travmatski stres ni. Lahko pa trdimo, da je gasilsko delo za gasilce v določenih primerih zelo stresno oziroma travmatsko. S t-testom smo ugotovili, da je za gasilce v povprečju zelo stresno delo z osebo s posebej hudimi telesnimi poškodbami, delo s poškodovano/preminulo šibkejšo osebo, poškodba gasilca na intervenciji, delo s poškodovanim/ preminulim otrokom, delo s poškodovanim/preminulim mladostnikom, delo s poškodovano/preminulo nosečnico, smrt gasilca na intervenciji, poškodba ali smrt znanca/prijatelja/družinskega člana na kraju intervencije. Spraševali smo se, ali gasilci poiščejo strokovno psihološko pomoč po travmatskem dogodku na intervenciji in smo ugotovili, da od vseh izprašanih nihče ni poiskal strokovne psihološke pomoči. Zaskrbljujoč je podatek, da kar polovica izprašanih trdi, da prostovoljni gasilci nimajo organizirane strokovne psihološke pomoči. Zadnje raziskovalno vprašanje, ki smo si ga postavili, pa je bilo, ali imajo prostovoljni gasilci organizirano psihološko pomoč. Ugotovili smo, da imajo zelo dobro organizirano psihološko pomoč s strani države, za katero žal prostovoljni gasilci v veliki meri sploh ne vedo. Zaradi nezainteresiranosti pri sodelovanju v raziskavi žal vzorčenje ni verjetnostno in rezultatov naše raziskave ne moremo brez zadržkov posploševati na populacijo.The work is about traumatic stress and volunteer firefighters of the Fire association Maribor. In the work we can read what traumatic stress is. Its factors, symptoms, reactions, and consequences of traumatic stress are. We also addressed the topic of traumatic stress in rescue and firefighting, where we presented Slovenian and international research on stress and firefighting work. Defence mechanisms and stress resilience are also presented, as well as stress management and handling. The focus is certainly on the psychological support unit of the volunteer firefighters, where we present how the help is organized on a larger scale, how the activation of the psychological support unit is activated and how the psychological support unit works. The statistics on interventions are also important for the research we have carried out. We have made statistics on the number and types of interventions from 2009 to 2019. At the end of the work, we presented an empirical research among volunteer firefighters of the Fire association Maribor and answered several research questions. We found it difficult to say that every volunteer firefighter experiences a traumatic event during his time on duty the hi-square test showed that there is no statistically significant association between the number of interventions and the frequency of encounters with events involving traumatic stress. However, we can say that firefighting is very stressful or traumatic for firefighters who were involved in the study in some cases. With the t-test, we found that for firefighters, it is very stressful to work with a person with particularly serious injuries, work with an injured / deceased weaker person, injury to a firefighter at an intervention, work with an injured / deceased child, work with an injured / deceased adolescent, work with an injured / deceased pregnant woman, death of a firefighter at the intervention, injury or death of an acquaintance / friend / family member at the place of intervention. We wondered whether firefighters sought professional psychological help after a traumatic event during the intervention, and we found that none of the firefighters had sought professional psychological help. What is worrying is that half of the respondents say that volunteer firefighters do not have organized professional psychological support. The last research question we asked ourselves was whether volunteer firefighters had organized psychological support. We have found that they have very well-organised psychological support from the state, which, unfortunately, the volunteer firefighters do not even know. Unfortunately, uninterestedness in the research is sampling not probable and the results of our research cannot be generalized to the population without hesitation