Handling and playing of children with natural material\u27s in the firs period of child development

Diplomsko delo uvodoma predstavlja razvojne značilnosti otrok v prvem starostnem obdobju, definira aktivno učenje ter vlogo vzgojiteljev in staršev pri tem. Predstavljena je tudi igra otroka in njen pomen za otroke v prvem starostnem obdobju, področje naravoslovja, otrokov odnos do narave ter pomen igre z naravnimi materiali. Empirični del diplomskega dela zajema dejavnosti otrok oz. igro z naravnimi materiali. Otrokom smo ponudili različne naravne materiale in jim omogočili spontano igro z njimi. S tem smo želeli ugotoviti, kako bodo otroci pristopili k igri, kaj bodo pri tem odkrili, kakšni bodo njihovi odzivi in kako dolgo bodo za dejavnost motivirani. Ob izvajanju dejavnosti odrasli pripravimo material, poskrbimo za dobro vzdušje in varnost ter opazujemo in si zapisujemo opažanja, v dejavnost se aktivno vključimo le po potrebi. Ugotovili smo, da so otroci na podlagi teh dejavnosti razvijali domišljijo, pokazali so zanimanje za igro z naravnimi materiali. Motivacija otrok je bila dolga in med samo igro ni prihajalo do konfliktov. Otrokom smo vzbudili zanimanje do narave v tej meri, da so spoznali, da je tudi brez industrijskih igrač igra lahko zabavna in poučna, kar bo nedvomno dobro vplivalo na oblikovanje otrokovega pozitivnega odnosa do narave.The thesis presents the developmental characteristics of children in the first year of life, defines active learning and the role of educators and parents in it. Child\u27s play and its importance for children in the first age period, the field of natural sciences, child\u27s attitude towards nature and the importance of playing with natural materials are also presented. The empirical part of the thesis covers the children\u27s activities, i.e. playing with natural materials. We offered the children a variety of natural materials and let them play with them spontaneously. By doing so, we wanted to find out how the children approach the play, what they discover, what their reactions are and how long they are motivated for the activity. When carrying out the activity, the adults prepare the material, ensure a good atmosphere and safety, and observe and record the observationswe only actively participate in the activity when necessary. We noticed that the children developed imagination because of these activities, they showed interest in playing with natural materials. The children\u27s motivation was long and there were no conflicts during the play itself. We aroused the children\u27s interest in nature to the extent that they realized that even without industrial toys, playing can be fun and educational, which will undoubtedly have a positive impact on the formation of a positive attitude of the child towards nature