APPROACHES TO SOLVING OPTIMIZATION TASKS BASED ON NATURAL CALCULATION ALGORITHMS

The article discusses modern methods for solving optimization problems: fuzzy sets, artificial neural networks, genetic algorithm, ant algorithm, particle swarm algorithm, DNA-computing, and a new approach based on artificial immune system. All of these methods relate to the direction of natural computing, i.e. simulate those or other biological processes, algorithms which nature has created millions of years. The analysis showed that the algorithm based on ant algorithm and artificial immune systems, in relation to the classic routing problem showed good results as these algorithms much more quickly adapt to changes in external conditions