Cavity Impedance Reduction Strategies During Multi Cavity Operation in the SIS100 High Intensity Hadron Synchrotron

The planned SIS100 heavy ion synchrotron at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung will possess twenty ferrite accelerating cavities in its final stage of extension. As at injection and at flat top during slow extraction of the planned acceleration cycles the RF voltage will be relatively low, not all cavities will be active in this part of operation. It is important to analyse the impact of the inactive cavities on the overall RF voltage and subsequently their implication on the longitudinal particle dynamics. Classical approaches for reducing the beam impedance consist of active detuning of the cavities to pre-described parking frequencies. The fact that two out of ten buckets have to stay empty in all SIS100 scenarios is of particular interest as additional frequency components appear in the excitatory beam current, which have to be considered when the cavity is detuned. Therefore multi-cavity particle tracking simulations, consisting of twenty cavities and their attached LLRF control systems, are carried out in order to analyse different possibilities to minimize the impact on the beam dynamics and emittance growth