Desecuritization of climate change of u.s

Bachelor‘s thesis: Desecuritization of Climate Change of U.S. The problem. Assessing the global context, the vast majority of scientists say that the impact of climate change is greatly influenced by human activity, and its threat to the world is not diminishing, so countries are seriously concerned about climate change, linking it to security and actively looking for a solution to this problem. However, when the world leaders are trying to bring about new restrictions and changes in their own countries, contributing to the reduction of environmental damage, the US is withdrawing from the Paris Accord and gradually moving away from any attempt to link climate change to security and apply its solutions within the country. Relevance. Such country-leading behavior can have serious consequences for the global fight against climate change, which all countries should focus on to achieve successful results, and it is therefore important to analyze the US action on climate change and identify its position. The aim of this work is to analyze the official US environmental security discourse, using the theoretical framework of securitization, and to answer the question whether and how the United States desecuritize climate change in the country. The subject of this study is the US desecuritization process. The following tasks are distinguished: (1) to discuss the features of the securitization theory and desecuritization, and to distinguish the theoretical assumptions for the research; (2) present and demonstrate in detail the process of securitization of the climate change issue, highlighting the essential context, conditions and features; (3) to analyze in detail the process of desecuritization of the climate change problem in the US, highlighting the essential context, conditions, features and ways (types). The main findings of the study: 1. Climate change has been successfully securitized in the U.S. under the leadership of President Barack Obama. 2. Climate change is in the process of desecuritization in the U.S. under the leadership of President Donald Trump. a) Context and conditions: further spread of climate change issue and its effects at a global level (which is not a basis for desecuritization, but rather an aggravating circumstance); newly changed major (de)securitizing actor (Trump), which has resulted in changed state priorities and changed source of assessment of climate change traits. b) Characteristics/elements of desecuritization: desecuritization is performed by the highest authority; prioritizing other aspects of the country's security against climate change; mitigation and destruction of emergency measures introduced during the securitization; the introduction of the "we" vs. "they" split. c) Types/methods of desecuritization: (1) change of source of assessment of climate change traits; (2) Securitization of a new issue (Lene Hansen’s “replacement” type). d) Audience evaluation: perception of climate change as a threat among the public is diminishing, but it is not yet possible to confidently talk about the ending of desecuritization and its success, more time is needed to pass for a more accurate and reliable audience evaluation. Recommendations. The newly indicated U.S. position on climate change, which is radically different from the global position, creates preconditions for new research: how does the U.S. (as the world's most powerful country) withdrawal from climate change initiatives affect / may affect the international environmental security discourse, the positions of other states? The work complements the field of desecuritization research and contributes to the study of environmental discourse. More importantly, in the study, a new type of desecuritization, which was not part of the ideal types introduced by Lene Hansen, was distinguished – desecuritization through a change of the source of assessment of the traits of the issue