Classification Criteria for Behçet Disease Uveitis

Purpose: To determine classification criteria for Behçet disease uveitis. / Design: Machine learning of cases with Behçet disease and 5 other panuveitides. / Methods: Cases of panuveitides were collected in an informatics-designed preliminary database, and a final database was constructed of cases achieving supermajority agreement on the diagnosis, using formal consensus techniques. Cases were split into a training set and a validation set. Machine learning using multinomial logistic regression was used on the training set to determine a parsimonious set of criteria that minimized the misclassification rate among the intermediate uveitides. The resulting criteria were evaluated on the validation set. / Results: One thousand twelve of cases panuveitides, including 194 cases of Behçet disease with uveitis, were evaluated by machine learning. The overall accuracy for panuveitides was 96.3% in the training set and 94.0% in the validation set (95% confidence interval 89.0, 96.8). Key criteria for Behçet disease uveitis were a diagnosis of Behçet disease using the International Study Group for Behçet Disease criteria and a compatible uveitis, including: 1) anterior uveitis; 2) anterior chamber and vitreous inflammation; 3) posterior uveitis with retinal vasculitis and/or focal infiltrates; or 4) panuveitis with retinal vasculitis and/or focal infiltrates. The misclassification rates for Behçet disease uveitis were 0.6 % in the training set and 0% in the validation set, respectively. / Conclusions: The criteria for Behçet disease uveitis had a low misclassification rate and appeared to perform sufficiently well for use in clinical and translational research