Effect of bottom roughness on sediment transport due to streaming beneath linear propagating waves with an angle of attack on current

The effect of bottom roughness on sediment transport due to three-dimensional wave-induced streaming in the seabed boundary layer has been investigated for following and opposing linear propagating waves and current where the wave propagation forms a non-zero angle with the current. Visualizations are given by mean Eulerian wave-averaged suspended flux profiles, as well as the time series of bed shear stress over a wave period. The bedload transport rate along with suspended flux and total sediment transport rate have been presented. For linear propagating waves, the turbulence is induced by the Longuet-Higgins streaming and the classical wave-current interaction. Sediment transport is always in the wave propagation direction for the Longuet-Higgins streaming and increases with decreasing bottom roughness, or as the mean grain diameter decreases