Incorporating mitigating circumstances into reputation assessment

Reputation enables customers to select between providers, and balance risk against other aspects of service provision. For new providers that have yet to establish a track record, negative ratings can significantly impact on their chances of being selected. Existing work has shown that malicious or inaccurate reviews, and subjective differences, can be accounted for. However, an honest balanced review of service provision may still be an unreliable predictor of future performance if the circumstances differ. Specifically, mitigating circumstances may have affected previous provision. For example, while a delivery service may generally be reliable, a particular delivery may be delayed by unexpected flooding. A common way to ameliorate such effects is by weighting the influence of past events on reputation by their recency. In this paper, we argue that it is more effective to query detailed records of service provision, using patterns that describe the circumstances to determine the significance of previous interactions