EAU Guidelines on primary urethral carcinoma

Context The European Association of Urology (EAU) Guidelines Group on Muscle-Invasive and Metastatic Bladder Cancer prepared these guidelines to deliver current evidence-based information on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with primary urethral carcinoma (UC). Objective To review the current literature on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with primary UC and assess its level of scientific evidence. Evidence acquisition A systematic literature search was performed to identify studies reporting urethral malignancies. Medline was searched using the controlled vocabulary of the Medical Subject Headings database, along with a free-text protocol. Evidence synthesis Primary UC is considered a rare cancer, accounting for