Codeposition of Cu-Sn from ethaline deep eutectic solvent

Copper and tin have been co-deposited from choline chloride ethylene glycol based deep eutectic solvent (DES) containing CuCl2.2H2O and SnCl2.2H2O. Initially, electrolyte formulation experiments were carried out containing different amounts of copper and tin at a brass cathode in a rotating cylinder Hull cell. It was found that metallic deposits containing copper and tin could be deposited from a DES containing 0.02 M CuCl2.2H2O and 0.1 M SnCl2.2H2O. Polarization scans were carried out to determine the reduction potentials for individual metals and alloys. Anodic stripping voltammetry showed that Sn co-deposits with Cu at -0.36 V, at a lower over-potential than the tin reduction potential. Smooth and bright deposits of thicknesses up to 10 μm were obtained at a potential of -0.36 V or by using a current density of −0.87 × 10−3 A cm−2. XRD analysis showed the formation of mainly Cu3Sn and some Cu5Sn6. Our results suggest that Sn is co-discharged with Cu at potentials which is noble compared to the reduction potential of the individual metal