Mitochondrial DNA damage and atherosclerosis.

Mitochondria are often regarded as the cellular powerhouses through their ability to generate ATP, the universal fuel for metabolic processes. However, in recent years mitochondria have been recognised as critical regulators of cell death, inflammation, metabolism, and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Thus, mitochondrial dysfunction directly promotes cell death, inflammation, and oxidative stress and alters metabolism. These are key processes in atherosclerosis and there is now evidence that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and promotes atherosclerosis directly. In this review we discuss the recent evidence for and mechanisms linking mtDNA defects and atherosclerosis and suggest areas of mitochondrial biology that are potential therapeutic targets.NoneThis is the Author Accepted Manuscript of the article "Mitochondrial DNA damage and atherosclerosis" published in Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism on September 2104. This version is embargoed until September 2015 in line with publisher requirements. The published version of record is available on the journal website at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tem.2014.06.00