Sexual harassment experience, gender harassment and body objectification effect on disordered eating tendencies

Seksualinio priekabiavimo tyrimai patvirtina neigiamas pasekmes asmens fizinei ir emocinei sveikatai, tačiau iki šiol mažai žinoma apie seksualinio priekabiavimo poveikį savo kūno vertinimui ir polinkiui į sutrikusį valgymo elgesį. Tyrime dalyvavo 181 (23 vyrai, 158 moterys) 18–38 metų amžiaus asmuo. Seksualinio priekabiavimo ir priekabiavimo dėl lyties patirčiai matuoti naudotas Seksualinio priekabiavimo patirties klausimynas (Fitzgerald ir kt., 1995), kūno sudaiktinimui įvertinti naudota Kūno kaip objekto suvokimo skalė (McKinley, Hyde, 1996), polinkis į sutrikusį valgymo elgesį vertintas Nuostatų dėl valgymo klausimynu (Garner ir kt., 1979). Rezultatai parodė reikšmingus seksualinio priekabiavimo, kūno sudaiktinimo ir polinkio į sutrikusį valgymo elgesį skirtumus tarp lyčių. Dažnesnė priekabiavimo dėl lyties patirtis yra reikšmingas veiksnys labiau išreikštam gėdos dėl kūno jausmui bei labiau išreikštam skirtingų formų sutrikusiam valgymo elgesiui bendroje tyrimo dalyvių imtyjeVarious research on sexual harassment and gender harassment confirms the adverse effects on a person's physical and emotional health (Shrier, 1990), but so far, little is known about the impact of sexual harassment and gender harassment on one's body objectification and links to disordered eating behavior. Sexual harassment and gender harassment are not only based on gender stereotypes but also play an essential role in supporting gender norms in society by regulating what is seen as acceptable and unacceptable behavior, and appearance for gender. According to the theory of body objectification (Fredrickson, Roberts, 1997), both forms of gender discrimination can induce attention to one's body and appearance, which ultimately can lead to reduced satisfaction of one's body (Szymanski et al. 2011). Since body dissatisfaction is one of the leading causes of eating disorders (Brechan, Kvalem, 2015; Cruz-Sáez et al. 2018), it is important to have a better understanding of sexual harassment and gender harassment relationship with body objectification and disordered eating behavior. The study aims to assess the relationships between sexual harassment and gender harassment experiences, body-objectification, and disordered eating behavior tendencies. 181 (23 males, 158 females) aged 18-38 (M=24.12) participated in this research. Sexual Harassment Experience Questionnaire (Fitzgerald et al. 1998) was used to measure both Unwanted Sexual Attention (Cronbach α – 0,893) and Quid Pro Quo sexual harassment (Cronbach α – 0,876), and Gender Harassment experience (Cronbach α – 0,868). Objectified Body Consciousness Scale (McKinley et al. 1996) was used to measure body objectification: Body Shame (Cronbach α – 0,825) and Body Surveillance (Cronbach α – 0,804). The Eating Attitudes Test (Garner et al. 1979) was used to evaluate disordered eating behavior tendencies: [...]Psichologijos katedraSocialinių mokslų fakultetasVytauto Didžiojo universiteta