Evaluation of the compounds commonly known as superoxide dismutase and catalase mimics in cellular models

International audienceOxidative stress that results from an imbalance between the concentrations of reactive species (RS) and antioxidant defenses is associated with many pathologies. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase are among the key enzymes that maintain the low nanomolar physiological concentrations of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. The increase in the levels of these species and their progeny could have deleterious effects. In this context, chemists have developed SOD and CAT mimics to supplement them when cells are overwhelmed with oxidative stress. However, the beneficial activity of such molecules in cells depends not only on their intrinsic catalytic activities but also on their stability in biological context, their cell penetration and their cellular localization. We have employed cellular assays to characterize several compounds that possess SOD and CAT activities and have been frequently used in cellular and animal models. We used cellular assays that address SOD and CAT activities of the compounds. Finally, we determined the effect of compounds on the suppression of the inflammation in HT29-MD2 cells challenged by lipopolysaccharide. When the assay requires penetration inside cells, the SOD mimics Mn(III) mesotetrakis(N-(2′-nbutoxyethyl)pyridinium-2-yl)porphyrin (MnTnBuOE-2-PyP 5+) and Mn(II) dichloro[(4aR,13aR,17aR,21aR