The Neuroeconomics of Mind Reading and Empathy

The most fundamental solution concepts in Game Theory — Nash equilibrium, backward induction, and iterated elimination of dominated strategies - are based on the assumption that people are capable of predicting others\u27 actions. These concepts require people to be able to view the game from the other players\u27 perspectives, i.e. to understand others\u27 motives and beliefs. Economists still know little about what enables people to put themselves into others\u27 shoes and how this ability interacts with their own preferences and beliefs. Social neuroscience provides insights into the neural mechanism underlying our capacity to represent others\u27 intentions, beliefs, and desires, referred to as \u27Theory of Mind\u27 or \u27mentalizing\u27, and the capacity to share the feelings of others, referred to as \u27empathy\u27. We summarize the major findings about the neural basis of mentalizing and empathizing and discuss some implications for economics