[EN] This article addresses the question of the politicization of art through the wellknown controversy between Walter Benjamin and Theodor W. Adorno. The contrast between Benjamin and Adorno has given rise to multiple stereotypes and enormous simplifications: on the one hand, Benjamin as a defender of the cultural industry and, on the other, Adorno as a defender of bourgeois autonomous art. The optimism of the new media versus conservative pessimism; the politicization of art versus the political abstention; the popular culture versus elitist culture; etc. One of the objectives of these reflections is to dismantle these simplifications as much as possible. Part II deals with the meaning of Th. W. Adorno’s thesis of the autonomy of art[ES]...