Food and beverage consumption of Canadian Forces soldiers in an operational setting : is their nutrient intake adequate?

Introduction. Despite increased metabolic demands, infantry soldiers are known to not eat enough during military manoeuvres. We undertook this study to examine food provided and consumed by male soldiers in the Canadian Forces in operational environments to examine and potentially improve their nutrition.Methods. Subjects recorded their food intakes using dietary questionnaires during two exercises. The adequacy of dietary intake and the nutrient value of foods offered were assessed against Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI).Results. Soldiers did not consume enough energy, carbohydrate, fibre, folate, vitamin C, potassium and calcium compared to operational requirements. The combat rations provided less than the recommended DRI for some nutrients. Food sources of nutrients were examined.Discussion. We recommend increasing the quantity of easy-to-eat nutrient-dense foods while decreasing sodium content. To optimize nutrition and combat readiness, new products rich in carbohydrate, potassium, folate and calcium need to be added