Changes in the sea carrier's liability for cargo as a result of containerization and multimodalism (U.S. and Taiwanese law)

Containerization, a technical innovation for transport initiated in late 1950s, has invigorated the evolution of the shipping industry. The shipping rules hence need to be restructured to keep abreast of the times, especially those enacted prior to the era of containerization (the Hague Rules 1924).The thesis presents and discusses the carrier's liability in containerized transport under the current shipping rules, comparing particularly the regimes of the United States and Taiwan, both of which still apply the Hague Rules. A subsidiary examination is extended to the MTO's liability in multimodal transport, which has an essential correlation with containerization