An experimental investigation of leadership in a work situation using Guttman type scales

The theory of leadership as an area of social psychology has undergone a significant change within the past decade, linen the first experimental study in this field was reported by Terman (33), he distinguished between two opposed historical traditions. One, stemming from Carlyle, conceived leadership to be one or more traits in the person of the leader. The other, formulated in its most extreme form by Marx, maintained that leaders exist only insofar as they satisfy the needs and purposes of followers; they are the creation of the led. It is this dichotomy which has been breaking down in recent discussions