Astrocytes are the most abundant glia in the central nervous system (CNS), classically identified by their high expression of the intermediate filament, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Astrocytes participate in a number of biochemical events important for CNS functions and play a dynamic role in regulating CNS injury/repair processes. In chronic inflammatory conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS), astrocytes undergo pathophysiological changes that lead to a feature termed astrogliosis (Liberto, Albrecht et al. 2004; Sidoryk-Wegrzynowicz, Wegrzynowicz et al. 2011). Astrogliosis is common to MS lesions, and a novel therapeutic agent for MS, FTY720 (fingolimod, Gilenya™) demonstrates neuroprotective potential by inhibiting astrogli...