My thesis consists of two essays on the affective influences of attitude importance and product involvement on judgment and choice. The first essay examines the role of attitude importance in judgment formation. For example, consider the ease-of-retrieval phenomenon, a typical finding on metacognitive effects in judgments: consumers who are asked to think of many reasons in favor of a product (which is difficult) tend to like the product less than those who are asked to think of only a few reasons (which is easy), showing that the experienced metacognitive difficulty during the reason-generation process affects the evaluation of a product negatively. In contrast, I show in four studies that when consumers attach great importance to an attit...