STUDIES ON THE RED LYMPHONODUS : I MACROSCOPICAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE RED LYMPHONODUS IN GOATS

In the present paper some macroscopical observations on red lymphonodus of goats are described it being author's aim to clarify the anatomical structure and physiological meaning of the tissues. Twentyfive goats were examined of ages ranging from foetus to 2 years old (Table. 1). The results obtained are summarized as follows : 1) The number of red lymphonodi in one body was 0-154,53 being the average. However, the individual deviation was so great that the author could not discern definite relations between the number of red lymphonodi and sexes or diseases etc. (Table. 2). 2) There were tendencies to indicate that the large, deep-coloured red lymphonodi and ellipsoidal or flat forms become numerous with increase of age (Tables 3,4,5,6 and 7). 3) About 94% of the total number of the red lymphonodi detected in examined goats were under 5mm in diameter (Table 3). 4) Localization of the red lymphonodus showed individual difference. However, it is situated usually in the aorta regions, otherwise it is found also at retropharyngei, submaxillares, cervicales craniales, cervicules mediales, cervicales caudales, axillares, mediastinales craniales, bifurcationis pharyngei, diaphragmaticus, mediastinales caudales, mesenterici, renales, porta hepatis, gastrici, iliaci laterales, V. portae, omentales, and cavwn pelvis. Among these regions in which the author observed the red lymphonodus, the regions of retropharyngei, diaphragmaticus iliaci laterales, and omentales were not discussed in TEJIMA's report. So the appearance of red lymphonodi in these several regions in goats is a first-finding of the present author (Table 8). 5) In embryos or new born animals within two days, the author could find them in the region of aorta only, however, in specimens older than five days the distribution of these bodies became wide throughout the regions above mentioned. 6) According to their colours and forms, the author classified the red lymphonodi into 36 types (Table 9). Generally the light-coloured and globe-shaped ones were numerous : this tendency was especially clear in young animals (Table 10). 7) The author found a number of abnormally shaped nodi, which may be differentiated into the following types; the combined-form, the fat-included-form, the spotted-form and the complicated-form. A great number of abnormal forms were found in the neighbourhood of large arteries. Most of the combined forms in which the red lymphonodi were combined with normal lymphonodi, and also the fat-included-forms, were light coloured. Most of the combined forms in which the red lymphonodi combined with each other were dark coloured