Studies on the Manufacture and Properties of Dyed Bamboo- Plastic Combinations --Treated with Mixture of Styrene and Methyl Meth- acrylate--

竹材生長於亞熱帶及熱帶地區, 其分佈廣泛, 在臺灣已有甚多竹種,其利 用在傳統生活上佔有極重要之地位。近年來, 竹製品製造受到嚴重之衝 擊, 為了擴展其新用途, 並改善竹材之天然缺點, 乃著手於竹塑材之研究 。本研究利用苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯之混合單體, 添加適量染料, 注入 於麻竹、莿竹、巨竹及綠竹中, 利用熱觸媒法製成染色竹塑材, 改良其物 理、力學性質及外觀性, 並探討影響其單體注入效果之各項因素, 其主要 結果摘錄於次: 1.竹材經煮沸處理後, 可除去抽出物, 使竹材較適宜做單 體注入處理。 2.AZO較BPO適宜使用於竹塑材製造之觸媒, 且添加量增加 可提高單體轉化率。 3.竹材比重低者, 空隙率較大, 利於單體之注入; 其中以麻竹之處理效果最佳; 且以苯乙烯比例高者單體轉化率較佳。 4.WEE值之改良效果以麻竹最高; 徑向之ASE值稍高於弦向, 且均以綠竹之 改良效果最佳。 5.靜曲強度之改良效果以竹腔向上較佳, 其中以莿竹最 佳; 而竹皮向上者亦有相同之趨勢。 6.竹皮硬度之改良效果以竹腔較 佳, 其中以莿竹最顯著, 而竹皮亦有相同之趨勢。 7.劈裂強之改良效果 以麻竹最佳, 且四種竹材均具有顯著之改良效果。 8.耐磨性以巨竹之改 良效果最顯著; 且未經人工耐候試驗者耐磨性較佳。 9.耐候試驗後之靜 曲強度保留率以莿竹最佳, 硬度保留率以麻竹最佳,且竹塑材之強度保留 率均較高, 可知竹塑材具有較強之耐候能力。This mixture of styrene monomer, methyl methacrylate monomer and dye chemical was applied for the impregnation of MA bamboo, Thorny bamboo, Gigantic bamboo and Green bamboo to be made as dyed bamboo and plastic composites by means of heat catalyst. The modified gross appearance, physical and mechanical proper- ties as well as the factors influence on the effects of impreg- nation were investigated. The main results obtained by study may be summarized as follows: 1. MA bamboo appeared to have the highest improved effect in water excluding efficiency(WEE). The values of antishrink efficiency(ASE) of radial durection was higher than that of tangential direction, and Green bamboo appeared to have the highest improved effect. 2. The inner portions of culm appeared to have higher improved effect in static bending strength, among the four species Thorny bamboo showed the highest improved effect. The outer portions of culm also had the same tendency. 3. The inner portions of culm appeared to have higher improved effect in hardness, and Thorny bamboo was the most evident among the four species. The outer portions of culm showing the same tendency too. 4. MA bamboo appeared to have the highest improved effect in cleavability, and all of the four bamboo species appeared to have improved effect evidently. 5. Gigantic bamboo appeared to have the highest improved effect in the abrasive resistance, and the tested bamboos which had not been treated by artificial weathering treatment, they showing higher abrasive resistance. 6. Thorny bamboo appeared to have the highest static bending strength reservation after artificial weathering test, and MA bamboo showed the highest hardness reservation. The BPC appeared to have higher weathering resistance, therefor, it holding the higher strength reservation