The study of the performance and emissions of diesel engine operating with butanol/diesel fuel blends, injection timing variation, exhaust gas recirculation and DPF.

本篇論文探討使用含水丁醇柴油、噴油正時及廢氣再循環對柴油引擎性能及排放汙染之引響。由於使用噴油正時及廢氣再循環可能會惡化黑煙排放，本研究搭配濾煙器使用，來評估黑煙減量效果。本實驗是操作引擎在穩態狀況下，再進行實驗量測。進行穩態實驗的測試點有四個，分別為Mode1(idle)、 Mode2(100%負載，1650rpm)、Mode7(25%負載，1650rpm)及 Mode11(25%負載，1950rpm)。 研究結果顯示，使用含水丁醇柴油、噴油正時及廢氣再循環都會降低引擎之最大輸出扭力。使用含水丁醇柴油會稍微增加燃油消耗，而單位能量消耗則相同。延後噴油正時及使用廢氣再循環會增加燃油消耗並降低熱效率。使用含水丁醇柴油會明顯降低排氣溫度，而調整噴油正時及廢氣再循環對排氣溫度的影響較小。 使用含水丁醇柴油會降低NOX排放及排氣中的不透光率，且隨著丁醇比例增加NOx及不透光率都會降低。延後噴油正時也會降低NOX排放，但排氣不透光率則沒有明顯變化；提前噴油正時會降低排氣不透光率，但NOX排放則會增加。使用廢氣再循環能有效降低NOX排放，但會使排氣不透光率嚴重惡化。本研究發現若調整噴油正時或使用廢氣再循環，並搭配濾煙器，能降低排氣不透光率80%以上及20%~70% NOx排放。This study is to investigate the performance and emissions of diesel engine operating with butanol/diesel fuel blends, injection timing vatiation and exhaust gas recirculation. Using injection timing variation and exhaust gas recirculation may deteriorate the smoke emission, therefore the diesel particulate filter was used to assess the reduction in smoke. Engine experiments were conducted at steady stateat four conditions, including mode 1(idle), mode 2(100%load,1650rpm), mode 7(25%load,1650rpm), and mode 11(25%load,1950rpm). The results reveal that the maximum torque decreased with the use of the butanol/diesel fuel blends,injection timing retarding, and exhaust gas recirculation. Use of butanol/diesel fuel blends slightly increased BSFC, but BSEC remained the same. Retarding injection timing and use of exhaust gas recirculation caused increase in BSFC and decrease in BTE. It is noted that butanol/diesel fuel blends may decrease the exhaust temperature significantly. However, adjust injection timing and use of exhaust gas recirculation almost have no effect to the exhaust temperature. With the use of butanol/diesel fuel blends, NOX and exhaust opacity decrease with the increase in the percentage of butanol. However, retarding injection timing can lower NOX, but has no effect to opacity. Advancing injection timing can reduce opacity, but increases NOX emission. Using exhaust gas recirculation can diminish NOX effectively, but smoke emission gets worse. In summary, using advancing injection timing or exhaust gas recirculation, as well as the diesel particulate filter, can improve both the emission of NOx and opacity as much as 80% in smoke and 20%~70% in NOx.目錄 摘要 I 目錄 Ⅱ 圖目次 IV 表目次 VI 符號說明 VII 第一章、緒論 1.1前言 1 1.2研究方法 4 1.3文獻回顧 6 1.3.1含水丁醇柴油 6 1.3.2噴油正時 9 1.3.3廢氣再循環 13 1.3.4濾煙器 18 第二章、 實驗設備與測試程序 2.1實驗設備 21 2.1.1測試引擎 21 2.1.2動力計 23 2.1.3引擎量測系統 25 2.1.4濾煙器 30 2.1.5含水丁醇混合柴油 31 2.1.6噴油正時調整 36 2.1.7廢氣再循環 38 2.2引擎試驗項目 41 2.2.1含水丁醇混合柴油測試項目 42 2.2.2噴油正時測試項目 42 2.2.3廢氣再循環測試項目 43 2.3測試程序 44 2.4柴油引擎污染排放量單位轉換的計算 46 第三章、 實驗結果與討論 3.1含水丁醇柴油對引擎性能與排放汙染之影響 49 3.1.1性能影響 49 3.1.2排放汙染影響 55 3.1.3總結 59 3.2噴油正時對引擎性能與排放汙染之影響 60 3.2.1性能影響 60 3.2.2排放汙染影響 65 3.2.3總結 70 3.3廢氣再循環對引擎性能與排放汙染之影響 71 3.3.1性能影響 71 3.3.2排放汙染影響 75 3.3.3總結 80 第四張、實驗結論 4.1性能影響 82 4.2排放汙染影響 82 參考文獻 8