Topic-aware pivot language approach for statisticalmachine translation

National High-Tech R&D Program of China [2012BAH14F03]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [61005052, 61303082]; Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China [20120121120046]; Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China [2011J01360]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China [2010121068]The pivot language approach for statistical machine translation (SMT) is a good method to break the resource bottleneck for certain language pairs. However, in the implementation of conventional approaches, pivot-side context information is far from fully utilized, resulting in erroneous estimations of translation probabilities. In this study, we propose two topic-aware pivot language approaches to use different levels of pivot-side context. The first method takes advantage of document-level context by assuming that the bridged phrase pairs should be similar in the document-level topic distributions. The second method focuses on the effect of local context. Central to this approach are that the phrase sense can be reflected by local context in the form of probabilistic topics, and that bridged phrase pairs should be compatible in the latent sense distributions. Then, we build an interpolated model bringing the above methods together to further enhance the system performance. Experimental results on French-Spanish and French-German translations using English as the pivot language demonstrate the effectiveness of topic-based context in pivot-based SMT