The diet of children with chronic inflammatory bowel disease

Kronična vnetna črevesna bolezen (KVČB) je dolgotrajno vnetno obolenje črevesja. KVČB je kronično potekajoča bolezen, katere prevalenca v otroškem in mladostniškem obdobju narašča. Bolniki se srečujejo z različnimi težavami, kot so inkotinenca ali uhajanje blata, utrujenost in bolečine zaradi krčev. Ko govorimo o KVČB, je prehrana ključnega pomena, saj nezadosten vnos hranil povzroča podhranjenost. Pomembno je, da omilimo simptome, ki nastanejo kot posledica bolezni. Glavni namen diplomskega dela je bil ugotoviti, kakšna je prehranska oskrba bolnikov s KVČB, kakšna je njihova kakovost življenja in sprejemanje bolezni. Glede na cilje raziskave smo oblikovali anketni vprašalnik, ki so ga izpolnjevali otroci, mladostniki in študenti ter zaposleni s KVČB. Anketiranci so bili člani Društva za KVČB. V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 73 oseb, 30 moških in 43 žensk, starih med 8 in 30 let. Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da bolniki s KVČB pri obvladovanju bolezni in simptomov sledijo navodilom zdravnikov. Pomemben vir informacij o bolezni in obvladovanju simptomov dobijo od medicinskega osebja in na spletnih straneh Društva za KVČB. Anketiranci ocenjujejo, da jih okolica dobro sprejema, otroci in mladostniki dobijo največ podpore s strani staršev in zdravnikov. V šoli je za njihovo prehransko oskrbo dobro poskrbljeno, pomanjkljivosti se izražajo pri prilagajanju jedilnikov za specifične individualne potrebe otrok. Anketiranci so izpostavili pomen sodelovanja med starši in šolo, ki lahko pomembno vpliva na ustrezno oskrbo otrok. Dobro poznavanje bolezni in obvladovanje simptomov pomembno vpliva na kakovost življenja otrok s KVČB, zato je pomembno, da so odgovorni za otrokovo oskrbo ustrezno seznanjeni s potrebami otroka in mu z razumevanjem nudijo ustrezno podporo.Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is long term inflammation of all or part of a digestive tract. IBD is a chronic disease and it is becoming more prevalent amongst the young and adolescent. Patients are faced with different issues which range from incontinence to tiredness and stomach ache due to cramps. Speaking about IBD the topic of food cannot be avoided due to the fact that inadequate nutrient intake can cause malnutrition. It is important that the symptoms which are a consequence of the disease are eased. The focal point of the diploma was to identify the quality of provision of nutrition to patients with IBD and look at the quality of their lives and how they are accepting their disease. A questionnaire was developed for the purpose of the research which was to be completed by children, adolescents, students and adults suffering from IBD. All respondents were members of IBD Slovenia Society. An empirical study included 73 people, 30 men and 43 women aged 8 to 30. Results of the research showed that patients with IBD are following doctor\u27s instructions in order to cope with the disease successfully. Important sources of information in order to live with the disease comfortably are medical staff and the IBD Slovenia Society website. Respondents evaluated that their environment is accepting of their disease and children and youngsters get the most support from their families and doctors. According to research schools are providing a sufficient diet, however, weaknesses were identified where schools could not provide specific dietary requirements for children. Respondents highlighted the importance of cooperation between parents and schools, both of which can play a significant role in providing proper care of children. Good knowledge of the disease and control of the disease’s symptoms majorly affect the quality of children’s lives, therefore it is important that those responsible for children\u27s care are aware of their needs so they can provide them the most appropriate support