DESSICATION AND EVOLUTION OF SOILS ON ARID TERRITORIES (AN EXAMPLE OF NEAR-ARAL REGION)

The new evolutional-ecological dessication conception in which the stage ability of the processes accompanying the dissecation has been specified on a level with analysis of the cause-effect connection in the changing ecological systems has been developed firstly. The change directions and special features in the responses of the soils, vegetation, relief to the anthropogenic actions have been revealed. The diagnostic methods of the dessication degree, rate and depth have been developed. The conception has been developed as an example of drawing up map complex with initial scale of the outline base 1:500000. The special features in development and evolution of the soils and soil cover in the near-Aral region at fast transformations of the soil formation condition have been determined. The complication in ways of the soil change that has been substantiated with the rates of lowering ground waters, territory drying-off duration and initial arrangement of the soils for different elements of the delta meso-relief has been shown. The reduced ways of the change and also the appearance of the more late sign stage signs on the early stages of the post-hydromorphic evolution and long keeping of the hydromorphic signs even in the soils developed in the autonomous condition are characteristic for development of the soils on these territories. The difference between equilibrium states of the soils and soil cover has been determined by means of new soil cover homeostasis concept. The general regularities in the soil development of the drying-off water-accumulative plains have been specified for the steppe and desert zones, the hypothesis about zonal correlation in the post-hydromorphic evolution of the soils and soil cover on the arid territories has been brought up. The investigation results have been used an performing of the researches in the near-Aral region on the international projects of UNESCO and UNEP, have been used in the expert conclusions on the projects of the concern "Soyuzwodoproekt", in the educational courses in Moscow State University and in Centre on International Projects of RF Nature Ministry.Available from VNTIC / VNTIC - Scientific & Technical Information Centre of RussiaSIGLERURussian Federatio