The article reports experimental results on dynamo action obtained at the Karlsruhe dynamo test facility. Former observations concerning the properties of the dynamo magnetic field are corroborated and complemented. The feedback of the dynamo magnetic field on the sodium velocity in the test module is analysed based on measurements employing permanent magnet potential sensors. The evaluation of time signals recorded by these probes shows that a growing dynamo magnetic field transforms hydrodynamic turbulent velocity profiles in channels into magnetohydrodynamic slug flow profiles, indicating a balance between pressure and Lorentz forces mainly. Cross-correlations between time signals of the magnetic induction and the local velocity reveal a...