Biologisch vertraegliche Werkstoffe in der Medizintechnik und Endochirurgie - Literaturrecherche

A review of current biomaterials clinically applied as stems, femoral heads and acetabular cups of total hip prosthese has been made with regard to their mechanical properties, corrosion behaviour and wear resistance. The successful implantation and the life cycle of an endoprosthesis is highly dependent on its connection to the bone bed. Besides the problem of mechanical loading of the prosthesis and the change of the strain condition in cortical bone, the stresses in the bone cement, which act as a force-transmitting element, are of considerable importance. Inadequate cementing technique is often the reason for the loosening of the endoprosthesis. An alternative way of fixation of an endoprosthesis to cementing is the biological connection by the ingrowth of bone into the implant surface. Despite the increasing use of orthopaedic implants, there is still a lack of adequate testing procedures and legal guidelines for testing. Modern testing methods, techniques for the calculation of stresses and life cycle predictions applied during the development and manufacturing phases of standard and special implants, may ensure an adequate prosthetic life cycle with a particular emphasis on the biomedical optimization of the interface implant/bone and the surrounding bone. The mismatch concept applied to the system bone/implant as a composite model is a possible way to optimize biofunctionality and biocompatibility with regard to extending the prosthetic life cycle. (orig.)Available from TIB Hannover: RA 3251(97/E/49) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman