Facteurs musculaires associés à la performance en lancer (exploration par l'analyse des relations Force-Vitesse et Puissance-Vitesse)

The aim of this work was i) to validate a method to calculate force during bench press exercise according to data obtained with a kinematic device; ii) to relate the muscle characteristics of the upper and lower limbs of throwers (discus, hammer and shot-put) to the performance; and iii) to propose a protocol adapted to throwers evaluation. Firstly, forces calculated according to data obtained with a kinematic device during bench press exercise were compared to those simultaneously measured with a force platform. The results showed the importance of taking the upper limbs mass into account when forces are calculated using a kinematic device. Secondly, muscular characteristics of the upper (maximal power, force and velocity determined from bench press exercise) and lower limbs (maximal power, force and velocity determined from half squat exercise and musculotendinous stiffness) were analyzed in a group of high level male throwers. Whatever the throwing events considered, results demonstrated that throwing performance was associated on the one hand with high lower limb strength and a high level of leg stiffness, and on the other hand with a upper limbs maximal power. Finally, force, velocity and power determined during cycling and those obtained from half squat exercise were compared. From a quantitative point of view, power, force and velocity values determined during cycling were significantly different. However, the same relationships between muscular characteristics and throwing performance were evidenced. In line with previous analysis the following testing protocol could be suggested: half-squat 1-RM (one repetition maximal) and musculotendinous stiffness determination for lower limbs, and maximal power estimation from one bench press against a barbell without load for upper limbsLYON1-BU.Sciences (692662101) / SudocSudocFranceF