International audienceMaterialism is a strong epistemological hurdle for Comte as it defines the attitude which reduces the analysis of phenomena to an absolute causality. Because of this way of thinking, a lot of scientists are not able to make any progress in their research as they get stuck in their speciality. The article points out the following paradox: if Comte rejected materialism, especially in his Discours sur l’ensemble du positivisme, he builds up a kind of materialistic wisdom in the way he deals with the balance of cerebral functions and with the development of the instinct of sociability.Le matérialisme est un véritable obstacle épistémologique pour Auguste Comte, il caractérise avant tout l’attitude consistant à ramener l’an...