Integral bridges: modelling the soil-structure interaction

Integral abutment bridges, also known as integral bridges, have become one of the most common types of joint-less bridge construction, certainly over the last three decades. Their principal advantages are derived from the elimination of expansion joints and bearings, making them a very cost-effective system in terms of construction, maintenance, and longevity. The elimination of joints from bridges creates a significant soil-structure interaction behind the abutment and the piles generating an interesting problem since the response of the different elements of the integral bridge are interdependent. This research project used numerical analyses to investigate the complex interactions that exist between the structural components of the stub-type integral abutment bridge and the backfill soil. Where possible, these results were validated with existing field data. A literature review was conducted to gain an insight into the behaviour of integral abutment bridges, particularly the soil-structure interaction of integral bridges. To gain a better understanding of the behaviour of integral abutment bridges and their interaction with the backfill soil adjacent to the abutment and the piles, particularly due to thermally induced movement/loads, a 2D finite element analysis was performed on a typical integral abutment bridge using OASYS GSA and OASYS SAFE. The results from this research are believed to help answer two of the most debated issues with respect to stub-type integral abutment bridge-soil interaction analyses. Firstly, it is clear, and now possible, that a reliably accurate soil profile is used in the analysis/design. The Mohr-Coulomb soil model was found to realistically represent the soil behaviour. Secondly, the research may suggest that cyclic movements / loads may not significantly influence the overall behaviour of integral abutment bridges. In addition, it was found that the development of earth pressure behind the integral abutment is significantly affected by the backfill soil properties and is a function of the integral abutment displacement. Limiting values for the abutment displacement, which induces maximum backfill pressure, have been suggested. The soil separation phenomenon (gapping) was also found to significantly affect the backfill/foundation soil-load relationship behaviour. Implications· of this research for practising engineers and recommendations for future research work are also included.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo