A note on the behavior of feral cattle in the Chihuahuan desert of Mexico

Habitat use and behavior of three feral cattle were compared to three domestic cattle in the Mapimi Biosphere Reserve, Chihuahuan Desert, where approximately 1000 feral cows were found on 151000 ha. Feral cattle were found to represent an ecotype adapted to desert conditions. In comparison with domestic cattle, feral animals lived in small group sizes (1-20 animals), had larger home range sizes (mean value of (x) equal to 47 vs. 14 sqkm), traveled longer distances hourly (mean value of (x) equal to 1 vs. 0.3 km/h) and daily (mean value of (x) equal to 20 vs. 7 km/day) and used more kinds of habitats than domestic cattle. Seasonly feral cattle used different kinds of habitats in comparison to domestic cattle which intensively used ephemeral streams throughout the year. Anti-predator strategies in response to hunting by local ranchers are thought to explain the pattern. We suggest this pattern of habitat use could minimize the impact of cattle on desert environments. (Résumé d'auteur