Assessment of genetic diversity in three subsets constituted from the ICRISAT sorghum collection using random vs non-random sampling procedures : B. Using molecular markers

The large size of the sorghum (#Sorghum bi-color$ (L.) Moench) landrace collection maintained by ICRISAT led to the establishment of a core collection. Thus, three subsets of around 200 accessions were established from : (1) a random sampling after stratification of the entire landrace collection (L), (2) a selective sampling based on the geographical origin of landraces and the traits under farmers' selection (T). An assessment was done of the genetic diversity retained by each sampling strategy using the polymorphisms at 15 microsatellite loci. The landraces of each subset were genotyped with three multiplex polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) of five fluorescent primer-pairs each with semi-automated allele sizing. The average allelic richness for each subset was equivalent (16.1, 16.3 and 15.4 alleles per locus for the subsets PCS, L, and T, respectively). The average genetic diversity was also comparable for the three subsets (0.81, 0.77 and 0.80 for the subsets PCS, L, and T, respectively). Allelic frequency distribution for each subset was compared with a chi-square test but few significant differences were observed. A high percentage of rare alleles (71 to 76% of 206 total rare alleles) was maintained in the subsets. The global molecular diversity retained in each subset was not affected by a sampling procedure based upon phenotypic characters. (Résumé d'auteur