Gamification design framework for mobile health: designing a home-based self-management programme for patients with chronic heart failure

Gamification is the design nexus between psychology and technology; thus, the ensemble of game design concepts and mobile health is promising for a far-reaching impact in public health. This paper presents a gamification design framework for mobile health as a unified, structured representation of activity systems aiming towards better health-related outcomes. It provides a valuable guideline for researchers and designers to model and gamify complex interventions into mobile health design with four steps: (i) defining activity systems, (ii) modelling, (iii) transforming, and (iv) designing. The framework is demonstrated for gamification of a home-based self-management programme for patients with chronic heart failure