The present thesis analyses the evolution and accumulation of national wealth, from a cross-country perspective. It is composed of three different chapters. In chapter one, together with Miguel Artola Blanco and Clara Martínez-Toledano, we reconstruct Spain’s national wealth from 1900 to 2017. Combining new sources with existing accounts, we estimate the wealth of both private and government sectors and use a new asset-specific decomposition of the long-run accumulation of wealth. We find that the national wealth to income ratio stood during the 20th century in a relatively close range -between 400 and 600%- until the housing boom of the early 2000s led to an unprecedented rise to 800% in 2007. Our results highlight the importance of land, ...