Spin quantum bits (qubits) are devices in which information is stored as a coherent superposition of two spin states of a particle. One of the perspectives of these devices is to exploit a massive parallelism allowed by such a superposition of solutions. The CEA Grenoble is studying in particular hole spin qubits in silicon, because their electrical manipulation is easier than electron qubits thanks to the strong spin-orbit coupling of the valence bands. This thesis thus focuses on the modeling of the electrical manipulation of these hole qubits. First of all, we introduce the k.p methods that describe the valence bands structure of silicon, and which allow to build numerical and analytical models. Then we present the experiments carried ou...