Supervision of the legality of general acts of representative bodies of local and regional self-government units

Ustavom Republike Hrvatske (dalje: Ustav RH) i zakonom normiran je djelokrug tijela jedinica lokalne i (područne) regionalne samouprave (dalje: JLPRS). Kada se dodjeljuju poslovi od lokalnog i regionalnog značaja, prednost se treba dati onim tijelima koja se nalaze najbliže građanima, pri tome poštujući načelo supsidijarnosti. Nesporno da su to predstavnička tijela JLPRS koja u okviru svojeg djelokruga donose odluke i druge opće akte kojima uređuju brojna društvena pitanja. Radi se o vrlo značajnom i velikom broju akata, a ovlast za njihovo donošenje nalazi je Ustavu RH i zakonu. Od predstavničkih tijela zahtjeva se donošenje općih akata u propisanom obliku i u zakonski reguliranom postupku, a osobito njihova usklađenost s Ustavom RH i zakonom. Svi donositelji normativnih akata, pa tako i predstavnička tijela JLPRS imaju obvezu pridržavati se načela ustavnosti i zakonitosti. U praksi su moguća i odstupanja od načela te predstavnička tijela JLPRS mogu donijeti opći akt koji u cijelosti ili djelomice nije u suglasnosti s Ustavom RH i zakonom. Iz tih razloga u pravnom sustavu postoje mehanizmi nadzora zakonitosti općih akata predstavničkih tijela povjereni različitim vrstama državnih tijela, a što je i predmet ovoga rada. Završno se predlažu rješenja koja bi eventualno mogla doprinijeti učinkovitosti i djelotvornosti nadzora ustavnosti i zakonitosti općih akata JLPRS.The Constitution of the Republic of Croatia and the law regulate the activity of bodies of local and regional self-government units. When performing jobs of local and regional importance, priority should be given to those offices closest to the citizen, while respecting the principle of subsidiarity. These are the representative bodies of the local and regional self-government units, which are making decisions and other general acts for regulating numerous social issues. They allow easier law enforcement or just supplementing legal acts. These are very important acts, and the power to decide about them is regulated by a legal norm. The main task of representative bodies is to adopt general acts, which create new legal rules and which are prescribed by the law according to the Constitution of the Republic of Croatia. The Constitution of the Republic of Croatia declares the principle of constitutionality and legality of regulations. All enactors of normative acts, including the representative bodies of local and regional self-government units, have the obligation to obey to the principles of constitutionality and legality. In practice, deviations from the principles are possible and the representative bodies of local and regional self-government units may adopt a general act which are not in a full accordance with the Constitution of the Republic of Croatia. For these reasons, there are mechanisms for monitoring the legality of general acts of representative bodies entrusted to different types of state administration bodies. Finally, solutions are proposed that could contribute to the efficiency and effectiveness of monitoring the constitutionality and legality of general acts of the bodies of local and regional self-government units