Sediment Disasters and Flood Disasters in Taiwan Triggered by Typhoon Morakot 2009

台風MORAKOT(8号)は2009年8月7日に台湾東部に上陸し，7日から9日にかけて，3日間雨量が世界記録にほぼ匹敵するような豪雨をもたらし，中南部を中心として甚大な土砂災害や洪水災害を引き起こした。死者は700人にものぼる大惨事であった。積算雨量が極めて大きいこの台風により，高雄県甲仙郷小林村では，表層崩壊，深層崩壊，土石流，天然ダムの形成と決壊が連続して発生し，一夜にして村が壊滅した。気候変動により降雨の極端現象が増加すれば，我が国でもこのような複合土砂災害は増加すると思われ，早急に対策を考えておく必要がある。本報告は，土木学会と砂防学会の調査団による台湾における台風MORAKOT災害の調査結果を取りまとめたものである。Typhoon MORAKOT (No.8) landed the Taiwan eastern part on August 7, 2009 and brought a heavyrainfall approximately equal to a world record for three days. It caused serious sediment disasters and flooddisasters around middle and southern areas. The catastrophic disaster resulted in 700 dead people. By thistyphoon with extremely large cumulative precipitation, a multimodal sediment disaster due to some shallowPhoto 19 Accumulation of driftwoods (Left: high quality, Right: low quality)― 82 ―landslides, a deep landslide, some debris flows, the formation and the collapse of the landslide dams tookplace occurred in Siaolin Village, Kaohsiung Country and the village was completely destroyed overnight. Ifextreme phenomena of the rainfall increase, it seems that such disasters occur frequently in our country, andit is necessary to think about measures for such a disaster immediately. This report gathered findings by theinvestigating group of Japan Society of Civil Engineering and Japan Society of Erosion Control Engineering.台風MORAKOT(8号)は2009年8月7日に台湾東部に上陸し，7日から9日にかけて，3日間雨量が世界記録にほぼ匹敵するような豪雨をもたらし，中南部を中心として甚大な土砂災害や洪水災害を引き起こした。死者は700人にものぼる大惨事であった。積算雨量が極めて大きいこの台風により，高雄県甲仙郷小林村では，表層崩壊，深層崩壊，土石流，天然ダムの形成と決壊が連続して発生し，一夜にして村が壊滅した。気候変動により降雨の極端現象が増加すれば，我が国でもこのような複合土砂災害は増加すると思われ，早急に対策を考えておく必要がある。本報告は，土木学会と砂防学会の調査団による台湾における台風MORAKOT災害の調査結果を取りまとめたものである。Typhoon MORAKOT (No.8) landed the Taiwan eastern part on August 7, 2009 and brought a heavyrainfall approximately equal to a world record for three days. It caused serious sediment disasters and flooddisasters around middle and southern areas. The catastrophic disaster resulted in 700 dead people. By thistyphoon with extremely large cumulative precipitation, a multimodal sediment disaster due to some shallowPhoto 19 Accumulation of driftwoods (Left: high quality, Right: low quality)― 82 ―landslides, a deep landslide, some debris flows, the formation and the collapse of the landslide dams tookplace occurred in Siaolin Village, Kaohsiung Country and the village was completely destroyed overnight. Ifextreme phenomena of the rainfall increase, it seems that such disasters occur frequently in our country, andit is necessary to think about measures for such a disaster immediately. This report gathered findings by theinvestigating group of Japan Society of Civil Engineering and Japan Society of Erosion Control Engineering