Caractérisation et cartographie des interfaces habitat-forêt et réseau-végétation pour l'évaluation du risque d'incendie

[Departement_IRSTEA]GT [TR1_IRSTEA]SET / RICOMEDPrevention against wildfire and mapping of the fire risk levels require the fire risk assessment in wildland-urban areas but also in road networks-vegetation areas. A characterization of the interface types has to be found, a fire level corresponding to a wildland interface type. Their mapping, over wide areas or at a regional scale, need to set their boundaries. A spatial analysis method, allowing to determine and to map wildland urban interface types and road networks/vegetation interface types from SPOT 5 satellite imagery , was then performed. So, on the one hand, vegetation maps were performed using remote sensing, house and road maps using GIS. On the other hand, ecological metrics associated with density calculations (road density or house density) using ArcGis(c)8.3 software Spatial Analyst extension were used on wide areas and at a large scale (1:10 000). The interface map was also confronted with some risk elements such as fire ignition points characterizing the zones concerned by fire risk. Every types of interfaces will be characterized: (i)-in term of risk, allowing an appropriated prevention action, (ii)-in term of danger and vulnerability of zones concerned by fire. The mapping of the interfaces will allow the firefighters to adapt their fighting strategy (concentration or dispersal of crews and facilities according to the stakes, positioning on the most vulnerable zones of interface ...). To know, to identify and to map the interfaces will constitute a valuable and reproductible tool not only in term of land development but also in terms of firefighting