M.M. SPERANSKY AS FOUNDER THE PRINCIPLE OF DIVISION OF THE AUTHORITIES IN RUSSIA (HISTORICAL AND LEGAL ANALYSIS)

Abstract. This article is dedicated to the outstanding Russian statesman Mikhail Mikhailovich Speransky and his legal views. The paper focuses on the consideration of the principle of division of the authorities in the papers of Speransky. Of course, being the cornerstone of the rule of law, the principle of division of the authorities is of great practical importance for the modern Russian state. Mikhail Speransky, being one of the founders of the selection of this principle in Russian science, left a deep imprint on science. Considering the classical three-tier structure of principle division, the scientist and statesman Speransky worked out in detail the interaction mechanism of one governmental bodies with others. Unfortunately, most of his progressive ideas have not found a response in the circles of state power, however, they have not lost their relevance and value to this day. The value of Speransky's ideas was also in the scientist's desire to create a truly effective model of the rule of law. As an outstanding reformer, Speransky gave great importance to the role of civil society for the rule of law. The article also attempts to reveal the scientist's views fromthe point of view of modern knowledge of the rule of law and its principles.Key words: rule of law, civil society, principles of the rule of law, principle of division of the authorities,system of checks and balances