УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ПРОЦЕСУ АДАПТАЦІЇ ПЕРСОНАЛУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ЗАЛІЗНИЧНОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ

The analysis of the personnel situation of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia", which showed that in the conditions of JSC" Ukrzaliznytsia " is rapidly losing skilled workers and trying to replenish the staff of young workers from external sources of the labor market, which creates the preconditions for the development of crisis phenomena in the personnel sector of the railway industry. One of the most important ways to solve this problem is the implementation of personnel adaptation, because its well-organized process, on the one hand, removes many negative aspects of the internal environment of the company, and on the other - is an effective motivational tool that allows managers to keep the team and develop it in a creative direction.The essence of the concept "personnel adaptation" is revealed and the common and distinctive features of the positions of scientists in its interpretation are clarified. It is concluded that the main similarity of opinions of scientists is that the adaptation of personnel, first of all, is understood as a process in which the adaptation of the employee to various aspects of the enterprise. The difference in the understanding of this process by different researchers and specialists is manifested in the subject-object plane of adaptation of one-sided (from the position of the new employee) or mutual (from the position of the organization and the new employee) adaptation, as well as in the consideration of the mechanisms underlying it (training, information, identification, change of attitudes and behavior, etc.).Systematic types of adaptation of the staff on grounds such as experience, behavior, spheres of influence, direction, and nature of the activity, the nature of the impact on the identity of the employee, the contents. There are four main stages that should be taken into account in the organization of the process of adaptation of workers in the enterprises of railway transport, namely assessment, orientation, activity and functioning. The tools of personnel adaptation in the following groups are disclosed: economic, organizational and procedural; information; feedback; reputation; institutional.It is argued that the success of the process of adaptation of employees of railway transport enterprises depends on both the tools and the quality of the organization of adaptation activities. Modern adaptation tools perspective for introduction at the enterprises of railway transport and organizational and resource support necessary for their effective implementation are found out.Проведен анализ кадровой ситуации АО «Укрзализныця», который доказал целесообразность совершенствование процессов адаптации персонала. Раскрыта сущность понятия «адаптация персонала» и выяснены общие и отличительные черты позиций ученых в его трактовке. Систематизированы виды адаптации персонала и выявлено содержание основных стадий организации адаптации персонала и ее инструментарий, перспективный для внедрения на предприятиях железнодорожной отрасли.Проведено аналіз кадрової ситуації АТ «Укрзалізниця», який довів доцільність удосконалення процесів адаптації персоналу. Розкрито сутність поняття «адаптація персоналу» і з’ясовано спільні та відмінні риси позицій вчених у його трактуванні. Систематизовано види адаптації персоналу і виявлено зміст основних стадій організації адаптації персоналу та її інструментарій, що є перспективним для впровадження на підприємствах залізничної галузі