Dental Implants in esthetic area- socket shield technique

Ekstrakcija zuba predstavlja traumatsku ozljedu tkiva i, kao takva, nosi svoje posljedice. Prekid krvne opskrbe bukalne koštane stijenke traumatskom manipulacijom dovodi do njezine postupne resorpcije te je to neprihvatljiv događaj u vidljivom segmentu, području estetske zone. U svrhu očuvanja volumena koštanog tkiva razvijene su mnogobrojne tehnike među kojima se ističe socket shield tehnika nastala 2010. godine. Ideja je te tehnike djelomična ekstrakcija korijena (partial extraction therapy). Socket shield tehnika u estetskoj zoni pretpostavlja separaciju korijena na bukalni i palatinalni segment, ekstrakciju palatinalnog dijela te očuvanje bukalnog koji se preoblikuje u bukalni štit. On je blago konkavnog oblika radi pripreme ležišta za imedijatno postavljanje implantata palatinalno. Tako postavljeni implantat u potpunosti će se oseointegrirati, a između njega i štita nastat će kost. Imedijatna implantacija takvog oblika čuva krvnu opskrbu koštane stijenke i parodontni ligament. Budući da je tehnika novijeg datuma, opsežna su klinička istraživanja malobrojna te je potrebno pratiti uspješnost tijekom više godina. Dosadašnja istraživanja tehniku smatraju iznimno vrijednom u estetskoj zoni, a visoka stopa preživljenja tako postavljenih implantata obećavajuća je.Tooth extraction is a traumatic tissue injury and as such carries certain complications. The interruption of the blood supply to the alveolar ridge by traumatic manipulation leads to its gradual resorption and is an unacceptable occurrence in the esthetic zone. In order to preserve the volume of the bone tissue, numerous techniques have been developed. One of them is the socket shield technique created in 2010 which refers to the idea of a partial root extraction. The socket shield technique in the esthetic zone consists of the separation of the root into a buccal and palatal segment, the extraction of the palatal part, and the preservation of the buccal part which is transformed into a buccal shield. The shape of the buccal shield is slightly concave to prepare the site for immediate implant placement. The implant placed in this way will be completely osseointegrated and new bone will form next to the shield. This form of immediate implantation preserves the blood supply to the alveolar ridge and keeps the periodontal ligament intact. Given the recent date of this technique, there are few extensive clinical trials and is therefore necessary to monitor its success over the course of several years. Previous researches consider this technique to be extremely valuable in the esthetic zone and the high survival rate of implants placed this way is promising