Methods Of Vizual Support For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Pervazivni razvojni poremećaj počinje u djetinjstvu, većinom u prve tri godine života, te traje cijeli život. Osnovni su simptomi poremećaja promijenjeni emocionalni odgovori prema ljudima i stvarima, promjene u kvaliteti verbalne i neverbalne komunikacije te socijalnim interakcijama. Često su prisutni stereotipni obrasci ponašanja i interesa. Rano uočavanje znakova i prepoznavanje poremećaja važno je radi uključivanja djeteta i njegovih roditelja u programe podrške i ranu intervenciju. Sukladno procjenama sposobnosti i razvojnih potreba svakom se djetetu pruža stručna podrška kroz različite programske pristupe. U radu si prikazani različiti programi s naglaskom na programe vizualne podrške djeci s poremećajima iz spektra autizma, a koji se upotpunjuju razvojem i napretkom tehnologije i mogućih softverskih rješenja. Najznačajniji među njima su TEACCH, PESC i asistivna tehnologija. U novije vrijeme sve više koriste jednostavni komunikatori, tablet komunikatori, komunikacija pogledom (različiti programi koji omogućuju djeci s poremećajem iz spektra autizma lakšu i jednostavniju komunikaciju).Pervasive developmental disorder begins in the childhood, mostly in the first three years of life and lasts during the whole lifetime. The main symptoms of this disorder are changes in emotional responses to people and things, changes in the quality of verbal and nonverbal communication and in social interactions. Stereotypical patterns of behavior and interests are often present. Early detection of symptoms and recognition of the disorder is important for the involvement of the child and his parents in support programs and early intervention. Each child is provided with professional support through various program approaches in accordance with the assessments of abilities and developmental needs of a child. This research presents different programs with an emphasis on visual support programs for children with autism spectrum disorders, which are combined with development and advancement of technology and possible software solutions. The most important programs among them are TEACCH, PESC and assistive technology. Recently, simple communicators, tablet communicators and sight communication (various programs that enable children with autism spectrum disorder to communicate easier and simpler) are increasingly used