Influence of an added amount of water for irrigation on morphological characteristics of the olive fruit and olive stone on Dugi otok (Žman)

Maslina (Olea europaea L) je gospodarski značajna voćna vrsta Mediterana i mediteranskog dijela Republike Hrvatske. Navodnjavanje masline je neizostavna agrotehnička mjera kojom održavamo prinos i ekonomsku isplativost proizvodnje maslinovog ulja. Cilj rada je utvrditi kako različita količina obroka vode kod navodnjavanja utječe na morfološke karakteristike ploda i koštice. Istraživanje je provedeno na Dugom otoku u mjestu Žman. Poljski pokus je bio postavljen na sorti coratina, na 24 stabla masline, u četiri varijante s tri ponavljanja. Za morfološka mjerenja plodovi su bili uzorkovani sa srednjeg dijela rodne grane, a uzorak je činilo 40 plodova. Od morfoloških karakteristika ploda i koštice mjereni su: masa ploda, duljina ploda, širina ploda, odnos duljine i širine ploda, udio pulpe ploda, masa pulpe ploda, udio pulpe ploda, masa koštice, duljina koštice, širina koštice i odnos duljine i širine koštice. Statistička obrada podataka je provedena programom SigmaPlot11 te je za usporedbu mase, širine, duljine, odnosa duljine i širine te udjela pulpe ploda i koštice korištena je Kruskal – Wallis jednosmjerna analiza varijance. Rezultati istraživanja su utvrdili da povećanje količina vode za navodnjavanje nije utjecala na povećavanje: duljine ploda, odnosa između duljine i širine ploda, masu koštice, širinu koštice, duljinu koštice, odnos duljine i širine koštice i na indeks zrelosti ploda. Međutim, povećana količina vode utjecala je značajno na povećavanje: mase ploda, širine ploda, mase pulpe ploda te udjela pulpe u plodu. Dobiveni rezultati su u skladu s literaturnim podacima i rezultatima iz prijašnjih istraživanja, osim indeksa zrelosti.Olive tree (Olea europaea L) is an economically significant fruit species of the Mediterranean and the mediterranean area of the Croatia. The irrigation of olive trees is an indispensable agrotechnical intervention by which we maintain the yield and economic effectiveness of olive oil production. The aim of the paper was to determine how different amounts of water during irrigation affect morphological characteristics fruit and pits. The research was conducted on island Dugi otok in the place Žman. The field experiment set on the coratina variety, on 24 olive trees, in four variants with three replicates. For morphological measurements the fruits were sampled from the middle part of the fruiting branch, while in the sample was 40 fruits. From the morphological characteristics of the fruit and stone were measured: fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, ratio of fruit length and width, fruit pulp content, fruit pulp mass, stone mass, stone length, stone width, and ratio of stone length and width. Statistical data was performed by SigmaPlot11 programme and for comparison of mass, width, length, ratio of length and width and content of fruit pulp and stone Kruskal - Wallis one-way analysis of variance was used. The results of the study obtained that the increases in volume of water for irrigation did not affect the increase of: fruit length, ratio of fruit length and width, stone mass, stone width, stone length, ratio of stone length and width and maturity index. However, the increased amount of water had a significant effect on the increase of: fruit weight, fruit width, fruit pulp weight and fruit pulp content. The results obtained are in agreement with literature data and results from previous researches, except for the maturity index